The first hall of the museum exhibits stone sculptures, gloves, jewelry, and pottery for household use dating back to the Bronze Age. The second hall presents materials highlighting the development of the unique Georgian script, such as copies of ancient (5th century) Georgian inscriptions made with rounded, relief letters, liturgical books from the 18th century, and the tombstone of the 11th-century church figure Ioane Bolneli, with his epitaph written in capital letters.
The “Knight in the Panther's Skin” by Shota Rustaveli, published in 1712, bearing the utmost significance for the Georgian people, is also kept in this museum. For many years, “Knight in the Panther's Skin” was considered an ideal piece of dowry for a newly-married woman, as an urge grew to strengthen the role and rights of women in their new family. The treasures of the museum include jubilee edition of “The Martyrdom of the Holy Queen Shushanik” by Jacob Tsurtaveli dedicated to the 1500th anniversary. This book is the earliest surviving piece of Georgian literature from the 5th century to have been translated into many other languages.